[Objective]The paper was to study the field fficacy of several fumgicide against rice sheath bligh(Rhicoetonia solm).[Method]Field efficacy trial was performed with three novel fungicides,75%tebuconazole.azxytrobin WG...[Objective]The paper was to study the field fficacy of several fumgicide against rice sheath bligh(Rhicoetonia solm).[Method]Field efficacy trial was performed with three novel fungicides,75%tebuconazole.azxytrobin WG,75%tifloxystrobion-tebuconazole WG and 24%6 thi-fluzamide sC,while 30%difenoconazole-propiconazole EC and 10%jingangmyein AS,which had been Long circulated in production,were uwsed as contrl agents.[Result]The three novel fungicides had better control ffe on sheath blight than the control agents;75%tebuconazole.azoxys-trobin WG at the dase of 20 g/667 m2 received the best contrl efect,and the control efect was still 87.72%at 20 d post administration,and the yield increase efect was remarkable.The control efects of 75%tiloxystrobin-tebuconazole wG and 24%thifluzamide SC were 85.67%and 87.36%,repectively.[Conclusion]75%tebuconazole.azxoxystrobin wG,75%tifloxystrobin tebuconazole WC and 24%thiluamide SC could be promted as rotation fungicides to control rice sheath blight.展开更多
[目的]近年来,随着我国社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高及膳食结构的改善,越来越多的稻田被转为蔬菜种植,影响了土壤碳氮转化过程及其引起的温室气体排放。因此有必要探究稻田转为蔬菜种植,特别是该土地利用方式转变初始阶段的...[目的]近年来,随着我国社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高及膳食结构的改善,越来越多的稻田被转为蔬菜种植,影响了土壤碳氮转化过程及其引起的温室气体排放。因此有必要探究稻田转为蔬菜种植,特别是该土地利用方式转变初始阶段的温室气体(CH4和N2O)排放特征及其关键影响因素。[方法]试验选取了长期种植水稻的双季稻田,将其中一部分转为蔬菜种植,另一部分继续种植水稻,每个处理设置了3个重复,按照当地常规模式进行管理。采用静态暗箱一气相色谱法连续3年进行田间原位观测,比较分析稻田和由稻田转变的菜地CH4和N2O排放特征及其年际变化差异,明确稻田转为菜地初始阶段CH4和N2O排放的关键影响因素。[结果]稻田是重要的CH4排放源,其第一年的排放强度(183.91 kg CH4-C·hm^-2·a^-1)明显低于后续两年(241.56-371.50 kg CH4-C·hm^-2·a^-1),这主要归功于后两年降雨量的增加引起了土壤水分含量的升高。稻田转为菜地显著减少了CH4排放,减少量相当于稻田CH4年累积排放量的83%-100%。菜地第一年的CH4累积排放量(31.22 kg CH4-C·hm^-2)显著高于第二年(0.45 kg CH4-C·hm^-2)和第三年(0.89 kg CH4-C·hm^-2),表明稻田转菜地对CH4排放的影响具有时间滞后效应。稻田是弱的N2O排放源(1.35-3.49 kg N2O-N·hm^-2·a^-1),其转为菜地显著增强了N2O排放。菜地第一年的N2O累积排放量(95.12 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)显著高于第二年(38.28 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)和第三年(40.07 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)。菜地土壤异养呼吸对N2O排放的影响在第一年明显高于第二、三年,表明稻田转为蔬菜种植的第一年,有机质矿化对N2O排放有重要贡献。在100年尺度CO2当量下,稻田转为蔬菜种植第一和第二年的综合增温潜势(GWP)相对于稻田分别显著增加了390%和98%,主要是由于增加的N2O增温潜势超过了减少的CH4增温潜势。但是,稻田转为菜地的第三年,菜地的展开更多
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0100100)&GDAAS Science and Technology Project of Guangdong(2019KJ105).
文摘[Objective]The paper was to study the field fficacy of several fumgicide against rice sheath bligh(Rhicoetonia solm).[Method]Field efficacy trial was performed with three novel fungicides,75%tebuconazole.azxytrobin WG,75%tifloxystrobion-tebuconazole WG and 24%6 thi-fluzamide sC,while 30%difenoconazole-propiconazole EC and 10%jingangmyein AS,which had been Long circulated in production,were uwsed as contrl agents.[Result]The three novel fungicides had better control ffe on sheath blight than the control agents;75%tebuconazole.azoxys-trobin WG at the dase of 20 g/667 m2 received the best contrl efect,and the control efect was still 87.72%at 20 d post administration,and the yield increase efect was remarkable.The control efects of 75%tiloxystrobin-tebuconazole wG and 24%thifluzamide SC were 85.67%and 87.36%,repectively.[Conclusion]75%tebuconazole.azxoxystrobin wG,75%tifloxystrobin tebuconazole WC and 24%thiluamide SC could be promted as rotation fungicides to control rice sheath blight.
文摘[目的]近年来,随着我国社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的提高及膳食结构的改善,越来越多的稻田被转为蔬菜种植,影响了土壤碳氮转化过程及其引起的温室气体排放。因此有必要探究稻田转为蔬菜种植,特别是该土地利用方式转变初始阶段的温室气体(CH4和N2O)排放特征及其关键影响因素。[方法]试验选取了长期种植水稻的双季稻田,将其中一部分转为蔬菜种植,另一部分继续种植水稻,每个处理设置了3个重复,按照当地常规模式进行管理。采用静态暗箱一气相色谱法连续3年进行田间原位观测,比较分析稻田和由稻田转变的菜地CH4和N2O排放特征及其年际变化差异,明确稻田转为菜地初始阶段CH4和N2O排放的关键影响因素。[结果]稻田是重要的CH4排放源,其第一年的排放强度(183.91 kg CH4-C·hm^-2·a^-1)明显低于后续两年(241.56-371.50 kg CH4-C·hm^-2·a^-1),这主要归功于后两年降雨量的增加引起了土壤水分含量的升高。稻田转为菜地显著减少了CH4排放,减少量相当于稻田CH4年累积排放量的83%-100%。菜地第一年的CH4累积排放量(31.22 kg CH4-C·hm^-2)显著高于第二年(0.45 kg CH4-C·hm^-2)和第三年(0.89 kg CH4-C·hm^-2),表明稻田转菜地对CH4排放的影响具有时间滞后效应。稻田是弱的N2O排放源(1.35-3.49 kg N2O-N·hm^-2·a^-1),其转为菜地显著增强了N2O排放。菜地第一年的N2O累积排放量(95.12 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)显著高于第二年(38.28 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)和第三年(40.07 kg N2O-N·hm^-2)。菜地土壤异养呼吸对N2O排放的影响在第一年明显高于第二、三年,表明稻田转为蔬菜种植的第一年,有机质矿化对N2O排放有重要贡献。在100年尺度CO2当量下,稻田转为蔬菜种植第一和第二年的综合增温潜势(GWP)相对于稻田分别显著增加了390%和98%,主要是由于增加的N2O增温潜势超过了减少的CH4增温潜势。但是,稻田转为菜地的第三年,菜地的